Carbureter.



A. P. BRUSH.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, 1913, 1,1 30AM. Patented marqz, 1915.

2 SHBETSSHBET l.

i /$166,666 QQ m A. P. BRUSH.

GARBURET-ER.

APPLICATION FILED .mnnz, 1913 1,1 30,?Q74, Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

2 SHEBTS-SHBET 2.

ALANSON P. BRUSH, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

Application filed June 2, 1913. Serial No. 771,195.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALANSON P. BRUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carbureters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to carbureters adapted for use in connection with internal combustion engines which employ gasolene or other liquid hydro-carbon as the source of fuel supply.

The object is to produce a carbureter which is so organized that it will furnish, under all the varying conditions of practical service, an adequate and substantially uniform supply of mixed air and hydro-carbon vapor.

The invention is what is generally classified as a multiple jet carbureter. But the most important characteristic of this invention is the location of plural fuel delivery orifices in different relations to that air inlet passage or zone of suction which is created and enlarged by the movement of an air valve from its seat as the result of the suction created by the suction strokes of the engine,-the arrangement of said fuel discharge orifices being such that they will progressively come to be within the zone of suction as said zone is widened by the opening of the air valve.

The invention also includes other features of more or less importance which contribute their part to the efiiciency of the device; and

all of these are definitely set forth in the ap-' pended claims; and the invention embodied in the best known form is hereinafter described and shown in the drawing, in which Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the carbureter. Fig. 2 is another central vertical section at right angles to that'shown'in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan in the plane indicated by line 33 on Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a plan View of the carbureter when the upper casing member has been removed therefrom.

The carbureter casing includes three principal members, to wit, the lower member A which is a so-called float chamber for con taining the liquid hydro-carbon; the intermediate member B which supports the fuel nozzles and the air valve; and the upper member C which contains the mixing chamber in which is the air throttling valve F.

This member C is to be connected with the mtake manifold of the engine.

The intermediate member 13 has an axially disposed vertical hole through it within the downwardly extended cylindrical flange b, and the upwardly extended cylindrical flange b of larger diameter. A tubular bolt E which passes through a hole in the bottom of the member A screws into the lower end of the tube o, and thereby members A and B are secured together. The member B has likewise a plurality,in the present instance four,outwardly and upwardly extended arms 5 and it is to the upper end of these arms that the upper member 0 is secured by screws or other suitable means. Surrounding this mixing chamber and within the casing member C is the annular acketmg space 0, across which is the vertical partition 0 A pipe K, which is to be connected with exhaust pipe of the engine and which is notintended to contain any valve or other means for restricting its size, is connected with the inlet to this j acketing space so that the hot exhaust gases may freely flow into said jacketing space. Once in, they are obliged to flow around the mixing chamber, and must escape through a plurality of small openings 0 The shaft 7 to which the valve F is fixed extends up through the walls of the member C, and it has an operating lever f secured to one end. To its other end a shutter valve 7 is secured. This shutter valve is so shaped and connected with the shaft that when the throttle valve is opened this shutter will cover all, or nearly all of the outlet orifices 0 When, however, the throttle valve is being moved to the closed position, this shutter will be moved toward a position such that all of these orifices are uncovered. The volume of the hot exhaust gases which flow through the jacketing space referred to will therefore be greatest when the throttle valve is closed or nearly closed, and will be gradually reduced as the throttle valve is opened; because, although there is no impediment to the entrance of the exhaust gases through pipe K, the escape of said exhaust gases from the-jacketing space is impeded to a greater or less extent by said shutter valve.

The lower end of the annular mixing chamber is outwardly tapered, thereby its seat a distance dependable upon the reduction of pressure Within the mixing chamber producedvby the suction strokes of the engine. In the specific construction shown, this valve is in the form of an inverted cup whose lower end is of greater diameter than the upper end which engages the valve seat. This lower end fits slidingly over the tube b There is a. hole formed centrally through the upper end of this valve, and in this hole a downwardly extended tube d is fixed, which tube slidingly fits over the upper end of the rod ll. This rod is tightly fitted in the tubular hole in the bolt E through which it passes, and in the lower end of which it is screwed for the purpose of adjustment. In the upper part of this rod there is an air duct h which extends from its upper end downward and then laterally so as to communicate with the space within the flange b, which space is in free communication with the space below valve D. A spring ll embraces the rod H and is compressed between a shoulder k on said rod and a shoulder d on tube d. This spring, therefore, acts to hold the air valve against its seat. When, through the. effects of the suction strokes of the engine, the pressure within the mixing chamber is sufficiently reduced, the pressure below the valve D will be similarly reduced, wherefore the atmospheric pressure upon the outwardly extended external flange d of the air valve will cause said air valve to move downward away from its seat. The distance which it so moves will be proportionate to the degree of vacuum within the mixing chamber. The movement of the valve from its seat produces an annular passage through which air may be freely drawn. The air will flow through this passage with great rapidity, and will produce a suction effect which will draw fuel from any fuel nozzle whose outlet is within the zone of the suction influence. These parts of the annular space which is widened and narrowed by the movement of the air valve from its seat within which the suction influence is sufficient to draw fuel from a properly placed nozzle constitute what will, for convenience, be herein referred to as the zone of suction. This zone of suction includes the annular opening be-' tween the valve seat and the part of the valve which engages therewith, and it includes also some area adjacent thereto.

A plurality of nozzles are employed; and they are differently placed with respect to the enlargeable zone of suction. Each nozzle is crewed at its outer end into the associated arm 12 so as to freely communicate with a fuel duct therein 6 Each duct is connected with a fuel pipe 5 which extends down into the fuel within the float chamber A. The starting or idling nozzle N is located in a groove 0 in the valve seat 0, and

nozzle, and, in fact, all of the nozzles are adjustable in position. That is to say, they may be screwed backward or forward in the supporting arm 6 so as to change the position of the discharge orifices. The nozzle N is also provided with an adjustable needle valve by means of which to vary the size of the discharge orifice. With one or the other or both of these adjustments it will be possible to so adjust the size and position of the nozzle that the proper. proportion of fuel will be drawn from the nozzle to mix with the air flowing into the mixing chamber adjacent to the nozzle. The other nozzles have their discharge orifices at diflerent distances away from the air valve. The nozzles are all preferably inclined at the same angle as the valve slot 0 and lie'in contact with said valve slot. The nozzle N has its discharge orifice so placed that when the air valve has opened, let us say an eighth of an inch, the effective zone of suction created by the in-rushing air through the annular air passage will include nozzle N but will not include the two nozzles N N When, by the further opening of the air valve, the eflective zone of suction is still further widened, it will next come to include the nozzle N and when the valve is still further opened, and the eflective zone of suction still more widened by such opening, the fourth nozzle N will be included within the eflective zone of suction. Fuel will be drawn from as many of the nozzles as are brought into the effective zone of suction by the widening of such zone, due to the open ing of the air valve.

Having described my invention, ll claim:

1. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, a suction operated air valve controlling the admission of air thereto, and a plurality of fuel discharge orifices which are differently arranged with respect to the air valve and to the zone of suction which is created and widened by the opening of the air valve, whereby the said nozzles will be progressively included within said widening zone of suction, and means for independently adjusting the nozzles to change the position of their discharge orifices with respect to said zone of suction.

2. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, containin a throttle valve and having at its lower en a tapered valve seat, a vertically movable hollow air valve adapted to engage at its upper end with inseam said seat, which airvalve is of greater external diameter at its lower end than at the upper end thereof which engages with said seat, and there being air ducts which establish communication between the mixing chamber and the under side of said air valve, a guide flange which projects into the lower end of said air valve and forms therewith a chamber which is closed except for the air duct referred to, a plurality of inclined fuel discharge nozzles arranged around the said air valve with the discharge orifices of said nozzles at difierent distances from that part of the valve seat with which the valve engages.

3. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, containing a throttle valve and having at its lower end a tapered valve seat, a vertically movable hollow air valve adapted to engage at its upper end with said seat, which air valve is of greater external diameter at its lower end than at the part tion between the mixing chamber and the under side of said air valve, a guide flange which projects into the lower end of said air valve and forms therewith a chamber which is closed except for the air duct referred to, a plurality of inclined fuel discharge orifices of said nozzles at different distances from that part of the valve seat with'which the valve engages, said valve seat having a groove which communicates with the mixing chamber, and a fuel nozzle located within said groove.

In testnnony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ALANSON P. BRUSH.

Witnesses: I

E. B. GILOHRIST, E. L. THURSTON.

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